Description(s):

Transforming growth factor – beta isoforms, TGFb1, TGFb2, and TGFb3 play an important role in tissue homeostasis as wells as embryogenesis. Although these three isoforms share similar amino acid sequence and have similar bioactivities in vitro, they behave distinctly in vivo. Knock-out studies have shown that TGFb1 is responsible for angiogenesis while TGFb2 is needed for organ developments and TGFb3 is necessary for normal palate development. In tumorigenesis, three isoforms can be observed to be regulated differently, for example, TGFb1 is up-regulated at 3-8 fold while TGFb3 is down-regulated at 2-3 fold in mammary gland tumor cells. Signosis’s TGF-beta Family ELISA Plate Array can simultaneously analyze three TGFb isomers. Each well is coated with a specific capture antibody to detect corresponding cytokine in the sample. The expression levels of these cytokines can be quantitatively compared between samples.

Detection Range:
    8 - 2000 pg/mL

Sensitivity:
    5 - 10 pg/mL

Principle

The 96-well clear plate is divided into 6 sections, and each section has 2 columns for one sample. In each section, 3 TGFb family cytokine capture antibodies are coated on 16 wells respectively. The sample, cell culture supernatants, cell lysates, tissue homogenates, serum, or plasma samples among others are incubated with the cytokine ELISA plate, and the captured cytokine proteins are subsequently detected with a cocktail of biotinylated detection antibodies. The test sample is allowed to react with a pair of antibodies, resulting in the cytokines being sandwiched between the solid phase and enzyme-linked antibodies. After incubation, the wells are washed to remove unbound-labeled antibodies. The plate is further detected with HRP luminescent substrate or HRP substrate TMB. The level of expression for each specific cytokine is directly proportional to the luminescent or color intensity.