Description(s):

The transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-ß1) gene codes a multifunctional cytokine that controls proliferation, differentiation, and other functions in many cell types, including cancer cells, the surrounding stromal cells, immune cells, endothelial and smooth-muscle cells. It causes immunosuppression and angiogenesis, which makes the cancer more invasive. TGF-ß also converts effector T-cells, which normally attack cancer with an inflammatory (immune) reaction, into regulatory (suppressor) T-cells, which turn off the inflammatory reaction. TGF-ß induces apoptosis in numerous cell types. TGF-ß can act on adipocyte precursor cells. TGF- ß1 has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of the differentiation of adipogenic cell lines. In addition, a differentiation-defective, insulin-independent cell line derived from the adipogenic cell line 1246 produces in its conditional medium a TGF- ß1-like polypeptide which could modulate the cell ability to differentiate in an autocrine fashion. Increased TGF-b1 expression was associated with BMI and abdominal adipose tissue in morbid obesity.

Detection Range:
- 16 - 1000 pg/mL 

Sensitivity:
- 4 pg/mL

Principle

Mouse Cytokine ELISA is based on the principle of a solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The assay utilizes rabbit anti-mouse antibodies for immobilization on the microtiter wells and rabbit anti-mouse antibodies along with streptavidin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) for detection. The test sample is allowed to react simultaneously with the two antibodies, resulting in the molecules being sandwiched between the solid phase and enzyme-linked antibodies. After incubation, the wells are washed to remove unbound-labeled antibodies. A HRP substrate, TMB, is added to result in the development of a blue color. The color development is then stopped with the addition of Stop Solution changing the color to yellow. The   concentration of TGFb is directly proportional to the color intensity of the test sample. Absorbance is measured spectrophotometrically at 450 nm. 
 

 

 

Data

Literature

View user manual

Citations

VEGF optimizes the formation of tissue-engineered small intestine. Jamil A Matthews​‌1, Frédéric G Sala​‌1, Allison L Speer​‌1, David Warburton​‌1 & Tracy C Grikscheit​‌.  Regen Med. 2011 Sep;6(5):559-67.
 
Mesenchymal-Specific Inhibition of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Attenuates Growth in Neonatal Mice. Matthews JA, Sala FG, Speer AL, Li Y, Warburton D, Grikscheit TC. J Surg Res. 2012 Jan;172(1):40-7. Epub 2011 May 17. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2011.04.043. Epub 2011 May 17.

Decreased plasma cytokines associate with low platelet counts in aplastic anemia and immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Feng X, Scheinberg P, Samsel L, Rios O, Chen J, McCoy JP Jr, Ghanima W, Bussel JB, Young NS.  J Thromb Haemost. 2012 Aug;10(8):1616-23.