Description(s):
The transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-ß1) gene codes a multifunctional cytokine that controls proliferation, differentiation, and other functions in many cell types, including cancer cells, the surrounding stromal cells, immune cells, endothelial and smooth-muscle cells. It causes immunosuppression and angiogenesis, which makes the cancer more invasive. TGF-ß also converts effector T-cells, which normally attack cancer with an inflammatory (immune) reaction, into regulatory (suppressor) T-cells, which turn off the inflammatory reaction. TGF-ß induces apoptosis in numerous cell types. TGF-ß can act on adipocyte precursor cells. TGF- ß1 has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of the differentiation of adipogenic cell lines. In addition, a differentiation-defective, insulin-independent cell linederived from the adipogenic cell line 1246 produces in its conditional medium a TGF- ß1-like polypeptide which could modulate the cell ability to differentiate in an autocrine fashion. Increased TGF-b1 expression was associated with BMI and abdominal adipose tissue in morbid obesity.
Detection Range:
- 16 - 1000 pg/mL
Sensitivity:
- 4 pg/mL
Principle
The ELISA is based on the principle of a solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The assay utilizes a anti-rat cytokine antibody for immobilization on the microtiter wells and anti-rat cytokine antibodies along with streptavidin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) for detection. The test sample is allowed to react simultaneously with the two antibodies, resulting in the molecules of the cytokine being sandwiched between the solid phase and enzyme-linked antibodies. After incubation, the wells are washed to remove unbound-labeled antibodies. A HRP substrate, TMB, is added to result in the development of a blue color. The color development is then stopped with the addition of Stop Solution changing the color to yellow. The concentration of the cytokine is directly proportional to the color intensity of the test sample. Absorbance is measured spectrophotometrically at 450 nm.
Data
Literature
View user manualCitations
Early TBI-Induced Cytokine Alterations are Similarly Detected by Two Distinct Methods of Multiplex Assay. Mukherjee S, Katki K, Arisi GM, Foresti ML, Shapiro LA. Front Mol Neurosci. 2011;4:21. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2011.00021. Epub 2011 Sep
Pentosan polysulfate: a novel therapy for the mucopolysaccharidoses. Schuchman EH, Ge Y, Lai A, Borisov Y, Faillace M, Eliyahu E, He X, Iatridis J, Vlassara H, Striker G, Simonaro CM. PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54459. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054459. Epub 2013 Jan 24.
