Characterization
Description(s):Smad transcription factors lie at the center of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) pathway, which is one of the most important cytokine signaling pathways. Members of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily bind to serine/threonine kinase receptors and specifically activate intracellular Smad proteins. Smads 2 and 3 are activated by activin/nodal and TGF-β, whereas Smads 1, 5 and 8 are activated by TGF-β-like BMP (Bone morphogenetic proteins). Smads family can be subsequently classified based on their activation by TGF-β or BMP cytokine family. These activated Smads form the complexes with co-Smads, translocate from cytoplasm into nucleus and bind to the distinctive consensus binding sequences on the target promoter region to regulate the transcription of genes. Signosis has developed the Smad2/3 ELISA kit for the analysis of TGF-β/Smad pathway, Smad1/5/8 ELISA kit for the analysis of BMP/Smad pathway, and a combined kit (48 wells for Smad2/3 and 48 wells for Smad1/5/8) to facilitate studying activation of different Smad-related pathways.
Applicable Grid:
Smad ELISA Kits Available:
Principle
TF ELISA kit is high sensitive and specific assay with a simple and optimized procedure. The 96-well (8X12 strip) clear plate is pre-immobilized with the TF consensus sequencing oligo. The activated TF in nuclear extract or the whole cell lysate is added in the well and binds to the oligo. The activated TF is detected with a specific antibody against the subunit and a HRP conjugated secondary antibody. The assay utilizes colorimetric detection method, which can be easily measured by spectrophotometry.
Data
Smad1/5/8 ELISA kit analysis of TGFb/Smad pathway. The HepG2 cells were treated with or without BMP for 5 hours, and the nuclear extract were prepared and subject to ELISA kit.
Literature
View user manual| 1. Enhancing the Regenerative Effectiveness of Growth Factors by Local Inhibition of Interleukin-1 Receptor Signaling. Julier, Ziad, Rezvan Karami, Bhavana Nayer, Yen-Zhen Lu, Anthony J. Park, Kenta Maruyama, Gisela A. Kuhn, Ralph Müller, Shizuo Akira, and Mikaël M. Martino. Science Advances 6.24 (2020) |
